2-Digit x 1-Digit Column Multiplication

What is column multiplication?

  • Column multiplication is a written method for multiplying.
  • We write the numbers in columns to keep them lined up.
  • We multiply one digit at a time, starting from the right.
  • If we get 10 or more, we carry the tens digit to the next column.
  • This method works for any size number.

Example: 23 x 4

  1. Write 23 on top and 4 below, lined up on the right.
  2. Start with the ones: 4 x 3 = 12.
  3. Write 2 in the ones column. Carry the 1 to the tens column.
  4. Now the tens: 4 x 2 = 8. Add the carried 1: 8 + 1 = 9.
  5. Write 9 in the tens column.
  6. Answer: 23 x 4 = 92.

Let us try: 41 x 3

  • Write 41 on top and 3 below.
  • Ones first: 3 x 1 = 3. Write 3. Nothing to carry.
  • Tens next: 3 x 4 = 12. Write 12.
  • Answer: 41 x 3 = 123.
  • Well done! You multiplied each column and wrote the answer.

Now try these yourself

  • Use the column method for each one.
  • 32 x 4 = ? (Hint: 4 x 2 = 8, then 4 x 3 = 12)
  • 54 x 2 = ? (Hint: 2 x 4 = 8, then 2 x 5 = 10)
  • 67 x 3 = ? (Hint: 3 x 7 = 21, carry the 2)
  • Take your time. Work one column at a time.
Start the interactive 2-Digit x 1-Digit Column Multiplication lesson →