Repeated Addition — Multiply & Divide Pathway

Multiplication is repeated addition

  • Multiplication is a quick way to add the same number again and again.
  • 4 x 3 means 3 + 3 + 3 + 3.
  • Instead of adding four times, we can just say 4 x 3 = 12.
  • The x sign means "lots of" or "added repeatedly".

Example: 5 x 2

  1. Step 1: Write it as addition: 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2.
  2. Step 2: Add up: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10.
  3. Step 3: Check: five lots of 2 is 10.
  4. Answer: 5 x 2 = 10.

Your turn

  • Try 3 x 4.
  • Write it as addition: 4 + 4 + 4.
  • Add up: 4, 8, 12.
  • So 3 x 4 = 12.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

  • Adding different numbers instead of the same number. Repeated addition adds the SAME number each time.
  • Mixing up the number of groups and the amount being added. 4 x 3 means 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 (four threes), not 4 + 4 + 4 (three fours).

Real-Life Example

A bus visits 4 stops and picks up 3 people at each stop. That is 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12 people, or 4 x 3 = 12.

Extra Support Hints

  • Write the addition out first, then switch to multiplication once you see the pattern.
  • Count on your fingers to keep track of how many times you are adding.
Start the interactive Repeated Addition lesson →