3-Digit x 1-Digit — Multiply & Divide Pathway
Multiplying a 3-digit number by 1 digit
- Use column multiplication — same method, more columns.
- Start from the ones, then tens, then hundreds.
- Remember to carry over when you get 10 or more.
- Take your time and work neatly.
Example: 234 x 3
- Step 1: 3 x 4 = 12. Write 2, carry 1.
- Step 2: 3 x 3 = 9, plus 1 = 10. Write 0, carry 1.
- Step 3: 3 x 2 = 6, plus 1 = 7. Write 7.
- Answer: 702.
Your turn
- Try: 142 x 5.
- 5 x 2 = 10. Write 0, carry 1.
- 5 x 4 = 20, plus 1 = 21. Write 1, carry 2.
- 5 x 1 = 5, plus 2 = 7. Answer: 710.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Forgetting to carry between columns. If a column answer is 10 or more, carry to the next column.
- Missing the hundreds column. With 3-digit numbers, remember to multiply the hundreds too.
Real-Life Example
A factory makes 234 toys per hour and runs for 3 hours. 234 x 3: 3 x 4 = 12 (write 2, carry 1), 3 x 3 = 9 plus 1 = 10 (write 0, carry 1), 3 x 2 = 6 plus 1 = 7. Answer: 702 toys.
Extra Support Hints
- Take it one column at a time: ones, tens, then hundreds.
- Write carried digits clearly above the next column.